Decline in pig numbers in Spain: causes and consequences

02.02.2024

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Decline in pig numbers in Spain: causes and consequences

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Reasons for the decline in the pig population in Spain

Spanish Royal Decree 159/2023 on animal protection: The Decree includes more stringent requirements for the conditions of keeping sows and pigs compared to European standards. The regulation, which aims to end the practice of pig tail docking, includes new requirements for the maximum density of animals on farms and new conditions regarding feeding, water, feed troughs, the environment and access to materials that allow animals to thrive more naturally on the farm.

Decline in pork exports to CHINA and other non-EU countries: Pork exports from Spain to China, the world's largest pork importer, fell in 2022 due to increased domestic production in China and lower demand for imported pork. Declining exports to China and other non- EU countries have had a significant impact on the Spanish pork market.

Outbreaks of porcine respiratory syndrome (PRRS): Several outbreaks of PRRS in Catalonia and Aragon in 2022 also contributed to the decline in pig production in Spain. PRRS is a highly contagious viral disease that can cause respiratory problems, loss of appetite and decreased productivity in pigs.

Consequences of a decrease in the number of pigs

Increase in pork prices: The decrease in pork production in Spain has led to an increase in pork prices. According to the sector, the main reason for this decline is more stringent requirements for pig housing, which leads to increased costs for producers.

Decline in pork exports: The decline in pig numbers has also led to a decline in pork exports from Spain. Spanish pork exports to China fell in 2022, and the decline in pork exports to China and other non-EU countries is expected to continue in 2023 and 2024 .

Increase in pork imports: Declining pork production in Spain has also led to an increase in pork imports into the country. In 2022, pork imports in Spain increased by 2% compared to 2021. The country's pork imports are expected to continue to rise in 2023 and 2024.