Aspergillosis: A Threat to Poultry Farming

Aspergillosis is a serious disease caused by fungi of the genus Aspergillus, which can have a devastating impact on the HEALTH of domestic and wild birds. In August 2024 , specialists from the Saratov Laboratory conducted an inspection of poultry farms in the Saratov region to identify possible cases of this disease. The study covered 25 samples of material, and fortunately, the pathogen was not detected. However, this does not exclude the need for careful monitoring of the state of poultry farming, since aspergillosis can pose a real threat.

How does infection occur?

The Aspergillus fungus can enter the body of birds through the respiratory tract or through the eggshell. The infection can develop both in and outside the incubator. In incubators, where high temperatures and humidity create favorable conditions for the reproduction of the fungus, eggs can "explode" due to the accumulation of gases and pressure caused by the growth of the pathogen inside. This leads to the release of spores that contaminate the incubator and the environment. Spores can be spread through ventilation systems, which creates a risk of mass infection of chickens, especially those under three weeks of age.

Symptoms and diagnosis

Aspergillosis can manifest itself in acute or chronic forms. Diseased birds show symptoms such as shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, wheezing and cyanosis of the skin. In the acute stage of the disease, serous-fibrinous pneumonia may develop, which requires immediate intervention by veterinarians.

Diagnosis of aspergillosis is based on clinical manifestations, pathological signs and laboratory tests. it is important to consider that early diagnosis and treatment can significantly reduce the mortality rate among birds and prevent outbreaks of the disease.

Prevention

To minimize the risk of aspergillosis, several key measures must be taken:

1. Humidity control: maintaining optimal humidity levels in the rooms where birds are kept can significantly reduce the risk of infection.

2. Cleanliness and disinfection: Regular cleaning and disinfection of incubators, as well as feeders and waterers, will help prevent the accumulation of spores.

3. Feed quality: Using quality feed and bedding, as well as storing them in a dry and clean place, will reduce the likelihood of infection.

4. Health monitoring: Regularly examining birds for symptoms of disease will help to identify and eliminate the problem in a timely manner.

Aspergillosis is a serious threat to poultry farming, and its consequences can be catastrophic. Although recent studies in the Saratov region have not identified the pathogen, it is important to continue monitoring and taking preventive measures. Caring for the health of birds and observing sanitary standards will help to preserve not only the health of the flock, but also the well-being of poultry farms as a whole.