The future of beef and lamb in England: challenges and prospects

Declining Abattoir Numbers: Facts and Figures

From 2019 to 2024 , the number of cattle slaughterhouses in England fell by 16%, and by 15% for sheep. This decline primarily affected small and medium-sized enterprises, while larger players significantly strengthened their market position. In 2024, 46% of all cattle slaughter occurred in the 13 largest slaughterhouses, while the 50 smallest accounted for only 3%. In sheep farming, the situation is even more dramatic: 62% of slaughter occurred in the 23 largest enterprises, while the 27 smallest accounted for only 1%.

These changes in industry structure lead to increased concentration and, consequently, increased vulnerability of the system. Dependence on a limited number of large processors creates risks associated with potential disruptions to their operations, which could negatively impact the entire supply chain.

Impact on Farmers and Rural Communities:

According to the UK Food Standards Agency , the MEAT industry employed approximately 97,000 people and supported approximately 50,000 farmers in 2023. The closure of small abattoirs could not only worsen farmers' financial situation but also negatively impact the social and economic lives of rural communities. Small abattoirs provide a personalized approach to slaughter, allowing farmers to maintain direct sales and establish closer relationships with consumers.

Annabel Twinburrow, an analyst at AHDB, emphasizes that the closure of small abattoirs harms the entire supply chain. Small businesses not only provide personalized slaughter services but also create jobs for butchers and other specialists, supporting the sustainable development of local economies.

Automation and Technology: New Horizons:

Large abattoirs, seeking to improve efficiency, are actively investing in automation and new technologies. This helps overcome labor shortages and reduce costs. At the same time, small businesses can strengthen their position by diversifying their services and working with local markets. For example, opening their own butcher shops and developing partnerships with large processors allows small players to access training, logistics, and waste management.

Prospects and Strategies:

The future of beef and lamb in England will depend on the industry's ability to adapt to new conditions. it is important not only to maintain existing capacity but also to develop new strategies to address these challenges. This includes:

1. Diversify services: Small slaughterhouses can offer additional services such as custom slaughter for local farmers and the production of specialty meat products.

2. Collaborate with large processors: Forming partnerships to share resources and technology can help small businesses remain competitive.

3. Invest in sustainability: Implement sustainable practices andAnimal welfare concerns can be important factors in attracting consumers who increasingly value these aspects.

4. Education and training: Training programs for farmers and meat industry workers can improve overall professionalism and adaptability to market changes.