Recommendations of the Ministry of Emergency Situations for adults and children on safe behavior on the water

June 28, MINSK. In summer, children are most at risk. Therefore, be sure to explain to them how to behave on the pond, so as not to get into trouble. Do not lose sight of them - always be on the alert, because help may be needed at any time. Remember that you are an example for your child, so strictly follow the rules of behavior on the water yourself! Safe rest near water bodies: Ministry of Emergency Situations gives recommendations.

One of the problems of swimming is the loss of sense of proportion, although a long stay in the water leads to hypothermia. Chills and shivering should be an occasion to immediately go ashore and warm up, for example, by taking a short vigorous jog. The duration of the voyage depends on the temperature of the water and air, and the strength of the wind. Optimal conditions - clear windless weather from +25°С and water not lower than +18°С.

Enter the water gradually to avoid sudden temperature changes and vasospasm. Do not rush to plunge immediately after severe overheating: move into the shade, cool down and only then go swimming. You should not swim on an empty and full stomach - it is better one and a half hours after eating. Never swim in a thunderstorm!

When making long swims, use your strength sparingly, from time to time stop to rest on the water: lying on your back or pressing your knees and elbows to your chest and stomach (with a float). Do not swim far from the shore on air mattresses and a circle, especially if your swimming skill leaves much to be desired. In this case, stay close to the shore so that at any time you can touch the bottom with your feet.

Swim only in designated areas.

Do not swim beyond the swimming area fencing signs.

Do not swim while intoxicated , do not dive from bridges, piers and other places.

Keep a close eye on bathing children (at arm's length).

Do not swim on inflatable tubes, boards, mattresses.

Do not arrange games on the water associated with captures, do not give false signals for help.

Do not swim close to passing ships, boats.

When riding a boat, follow the traffic rules on water bodies, be sure to have a life buoy and life jackets according to the number of passengers, do not overload the boat and put young children in the boat without adults.

For assistance, call 101 or 112.

1. Before bathing, rest, do not enter the water hot or sweaty, do a warm-up.

2. Enter the water slowly and carefully, going into the water up to your waist, stop and quickly plunge headlong.

3. Do not swim far from the shore, do not swim beyond the warning signs (marking, buoys).

4. Do not stay in the water for more than 15-20 minutes.

5. Do not stand still in the water, swim and bathe.

6. Do not swim alone, especially if you are not confident in your abilities.

7. Do not arrange games in the water related to grabbing each other's legs, arms, HEAD.

8. If something frightens you in the water, do not scream, as water may get into your lungs.

9. Do not go into the water above the waist if you do not know how to swim or swim poorly.

10. Do not swim in the places where motor boats, scooters, ships are moving and do not approach them.

11. If you see that a motorboat or scooter is moving towards you, wave your arms to be noticed and swim away.

12. Do not swim far on an air mattress or a circle, an inflatable swimming device may fail or you will be carried away by the wind far from the shore.

13. Do not try to swim on logs, boards, homemade rafts.

14. Calculating your strength during the swim so that they are enough for the return trip to the shore.

15. When tired, calmly swim to the shore, you can rest for a while lying or swimming on your back.

16. Do not try to dive deep or swim as long as possible underwater.

17. Do not dive in unfamiliar places - there may be stones, snags, metal rods, etc. at the bottom.

18. Do not cling to boats, do not climb on signs of navigational equipment - buoys, buoys, etc.;

19. Watch your younger brothers (sisters) on the water.

Spasm. It occurs quite often, and anytime and anywhere, so you need to know how to deal with it. First, don't panic and don't get lost. Take a deep breath and dive headlong into the water. Grab your thumb firmly with your hand and pull your foot hard towards you until the closed leg is straightened. Swim to shore immediately.

Whirlpool. Inhale as much air as possible, dive into the water and, making a jerk in the direction of the current, emerge.

Strong current. Use it to get close to the shore, but don't swim across.

Thickets of algae. Getting confused in them is unpleasant, but not so scary. Staying afloat, calmly pull your legs up and gently release yourself.

Drowning. The main thing is to keep yourself in control: do not flounder, calm down and roll over on your stomach or on your back, spread your arms and legs as wide as possible - this is how you rise to the surface. To take a new breath, lying on your stomach, raise your head, and then exhale into the water. Lying on your back - breathe slowly and deeply. Do not exhale to the end, there should always be air in the lungs to keep you afloat. For the same purpose, lightly rake the water under you with your hands. Take some rest and slowly move towards the shore.

Call other people or rescuers for help.

Throw a life buoy or a long rope with a knot at the end to a drowning person.

If there is a boat, approach the person on it and try to help. If you are confident in your abilities and swim well, try to get to it on your own.

Approaching, grab the victim from behind by the shoulders and stop his unconscious attempts to cling to you, swim back. If the drowning person is unconscious, drag him to the shore, taking his hand under the chin so that his face is constantly above the water.

Ask others to call an ambulance and immediately proceed to first aid. Paralysis of the respiratory center occurs 4-6 minutes after immersion under water, and cardiac activity can last up to 15 minutes, so this must be done quickly.

If a person has lost consciousness or managed to swallow water, remove it from the lungs: put the victim on a roller (log, knee) with his stomach so that his head hangs down, and then sharply press between the shoulder blades with open palms (repeat until water flows from the mouth).

If the victim is still not breathing after this, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) should be done: turn him over on his back and lay him on a hard surface, clean his nose and mouth of dirt and silt. Start artificial respiration and chest compressions: 2 breaths - 30 clicks (when CPR is done by 2 people). Continue until he can breathe on his own.