Farmer protests in Europe: causes and consequences

Farmer protests in Europe have been going on for several years. The first of them took place back in 2019 in the Netherlands. The cause of dissatisfaction among local farmers was the government's plans to reduce nitrogen emissions, primarily through agriculture. Protests have periodically erupted across the country in recent years, including this year.

In the spring of 2023, Polish farmers took to the streets, dissatisfied with the large import of cheap agricultural products from Ukraine. Subsequently, the issue of cheap imports became one of the cornerstones in many countries, including Romania and Lithuania. According to the latest Eurostat data, monthly imports of Ukrainian agricultural products have grown steadily since July, reaching 3 million tons in November. At the same time, over the eleven months of last year, the volume of supplies increased by 20% - to 27 million tons, and their value, on the contrary, decreased by 6% - to 10.7 billion euros.

Discontent began to become widespread towards the end of last year: the increase in the cost of fuel and fertilizers, as well as the collapse in prices for farm products, became the causes of protests in France, and then in Germany, Greece and Italy. Indeed, the real cost of agricultural products in the EU decreased for two quarters in a row: in the third quarter of 2023, the drop was 13.3%, and in the previous quarter it was 4.2%.

However, the most common reason for protests is the overregulation of the agricultural industry. The “green” agenda, insufficient budget funding, and plans to reduce fuel subsidies have united farmers from different European countries.

The farmers' protests have had serious consequences. In some countries, roads were blocked and food supplies were disrupted. In other countries, farmers have taken to the streets to demand government support.

EU governments are trying to find ways to resolve the conflict. However, it is not yet clear whether they will be able to reach an agreement with the farmers.

Possible consequences of farmer protests

Farmer protests could have serious consequences for the economy of the European Union. If farmers are unable to reach an agreement with the government, this could lead to a decrease in agricultural production, rising food prices and even a food crisis.

In addition, farmer protests could lead to political instability in the European Union. If farmers continue to protest, it could lead to a loss of trust in the government and even a change in government.

What can be done to resolve the conflict?

To resolve the conflict between farmers and the government, the following steps need to be taken:

The government should enter into dialogue with farmers and listen to their demands .
The government must develop support measures for farmers to help them cope with difficulties.
Farmers must be prepared to compromise and give up some of their demands.

Only through joint efforts will the government and farmers be able to resolve the conflict and avoid negative consequences for the economy and political stability of the European Union.