8 billion problems: is the planet threatened with extinction or overpopulation

The population of the Earth in November 2022 reached 8 billion. Pessimists are afraid that the planet is now inevitably threatened by a demographic collapse or overpopulation. The Economist understood

Demographic trends terrify many people. According to the UN, on November 15, 2022, the world's population reached 8 billion people. This is worrying. Pessimistic experts have long been predicting world hunger due to overpopulation of the planet. Now they are warning about the risk of environmental catastrophe because of it. Others have the opposite problem. For example, the new HEAD of Twitter, Elon Musk, wrote on the social network that humanity is in danger of "demographic collapse due to low birth rates." In his opinion, this is a more urgent problem for civilization than global warming.